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SMS Gefion
SMS ''Gefion'' ("His Majesty's Ship ''Gefion''") was an unprotected cruiser of the German ''Kaiserliche Marine'' (Imperial Navy), the last ship of the type built in Germany. She was laid down in March 1892, launched in March 1893, and completed in June 1895 after lengthy trials and repairs. The cruiser was named after the earlier sail frigate , which had been named for the goddess Gefjon of Norse mythology. Intended for service in the German colonial empire and as a fleet scout, ''Gefion'' was armed with a main battery of ten guns, had a top speed in excess of , and could steam for , the longest range of any German warship at the time. Nevertheless, the conflicting requirements necessary for a fleet scout and an overseas cruiser produced an unsuccessful design, and ''Gefion'' was rapidly replaced in both roles by the newer of light cruisers.
''Gefion'' initially served with the main German fleet and frequently escorted Kaiser Wilhelm II's yacht ''Hohenzollern'' on trips to other European countries, including a state visit to Russia in 1897. In late 1897, ''Gefion'' was reassigned to the East Asia Squadron; she arrived there in May 1898. The ship took part in the Battle of Taku Forts in June 1900 during the Boxer Rebellion in China. She returned to Germany in 1901 and was modernized, but she did not return to service after the work was finished in 1904. She was to be mobilized after the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, but a crew could not be assembled due to shortages of personnel. Instead, she was used as a barracks ship in Danzig from 1916 to the end of the war. In 1920, she was sold, converted into a freighter, and renamed ''Adolf Sommerfeld''. She served in this capacity for only three years, and was broken up for scrap in Danzig in 1923.
==Design==
''Gefion'' was designed to serve as a colonial cruiser in the German colonial empire; during peacetime she was to police German holdings and suppress native unrest, and in times of war she would act as a commerce raider.〔Gardiner & Gray, p. 143〕 In addition, the new cruiser design was intended to be capable of serving as a fleet scout.〔Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz, p. 194〕 This pair of roles was necessary because the German naval budget was too small to permit development of pure fleet scouts and colonial cruisers. Indeed, ''Gefion'' was essentially a smaller version of contemporary German protected cruisers such as .〔Gardiner, pp. 249, 254〕 As a result of the competing design requirements—a high top speed necessary for a fleet scout, very long cruising radius for a commerce raider, and the firepower necessary in the colonies—the resulting design was unsatisfactory.〔
''Gefion'', classified as a cruiser-corvette, was authorized in the 1890–91 budget and named for the earlier sail frigate .〔Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz, pp. 188, 193–194〕 The contract for her construction was awarded to Schichau-Werke in late 1891.〔 She was the last unprotected cruiser built by the ''Kaiserliche Marine'' (Imperial Navy); thereafter, the Germans built the of light cruisers to fill the need for small, overseas cruisers.〔Gröner, pp. 98–100〕
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